How do leaks in steam systems impact overall efficiency?

Leaks in steam systems primarily result in efficiency losses due to the escape of steam and the energy associated with it. When steam leaks from pipes, valves, or fittings, not only is the steam that could be used for heating or driving turbines lost, but it also creates a need for the boiler to work harder to maintain system pressure and output. This extra demand on the boiler leads to an increase in fuel consumption and operational costs, which further diminishes the overall efficiency of the system.

Additionally, the presence of leaks can result in the need for more frequent maintenance and repairs, adding to downtime and costs. Overall, these factors combine to significantly decrease the system's ability to convert fuel into useful work or heat, thus making it less efficient.